Reliability of State and Area estimates

The Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey, like other sample surveys, is subject to two types of error—sampling and nonsampling. The magnitude of sampling error, or variance, is directly related to the size of the sample and the percentage of universe coverage achieved by the sample. Measurements of error associated with sample estimates for Statewide industries are provided in table 1.

Estimates for states and areas are produced using two methods. The majority of state and area estimates are produced using direct sample based estimation. However, published area and industry combinations (domains) that do not have a large enough sample to support estimation using only sample responses have been estimated using a small domain model.

Variance of the CES estimates. The sampling errors provided in this technical note are for direct sample-based employment estimates and have been estimated using the Repeatedly Grouped Balanced Half Samples (RGBHS) method, a modification of the Balanced Half Samples (BHS) technique used for the National estimates (see the Variance Estimation section at www.bls.gov/web/cestn2.htm). This modified technique involves the repeated calculation of BHS estimates R times. After each calculation, the sample units are randomly assigned to two groups in order to produce new BHS estimates. The final estimate of variance is an average of R BHS estimates. This method is used in calculating the sample errors for each published basic and summary cell. Under normal circumstances, where the average response rates are met and there are no reporting anomalies, the sampling errors represent a good indication of the magnitude of error in the estimates from sampling only. They do not represent components of error in the estimates that are due to reasons other than sampling; nonsampling error is captured in the benchmark revision.

The CES benchmark revision. To help control both sampling and nonsampling error, CES estimates are benchmarked annually to universe employment counts. These counts are derived primarily from employment data reported on unemployment insurance (UI) tax reports that nearly all employers are required to file with State Employment Security Agencies. Benchmark levels replace the original sample-based estimates usually from April of the previous benchmark year to March of the current benchmark year for each month.

Once the new March level for the current benchmark level is made, the appropriate sample links are applied to the new level, and the estimates are recalculated from April forward. These sample links capture the over-the-month change of sample estimates, and are calculated by dividing employment reported by survey respondents for that month by employment reported by those same respondents for the previous month. The links used during the benchmark process may differ slightly from those used to derive original estimates, because they include data from respondents who reported too late for inclusion in the previously published estimates.

Appropriate uses of sampling variances in CES. Variance statistics are useful for comparison purposes, but they do have some limitations. Variances reflect the error component of the estimates that is due to surveying only a subset of the population, rather than conducting a complete count of the entire population. However, they do not reflect nonsampling errors, such as reporting errors, and bias due to nonresponse. The overall performance of the all-employee estimates is still measured in terms of the benchmark revisions. Benchmark revisions are discussed in the last section of this technical note. For other data types published by the CES program, average hourly earnings and average weekly hours, variances are the best measure of accuracy. The variances of the over-the-month change estimates are very useful in determining when changes are significant at some level of confidence.

Illustration of the use of table 1. Table 1 provides a reference for standard errors of CES State and area employment estimates. The standard errors of differences between estimates in 2 non-overlapping industries are calculated as

The errors are presented as standard errors.

Table 1 provides a reference for the standard errors of 1-, 3-, and 12-month changes in employment. The errors are presented as standard errors of the changes.

Example:

Suppose that the over-the-month change in manufacturing employment from January to February in a given state is 1,500. The table indicates that the standard error for a 1-month change in employment for manufacturing is 1,200. The interval estimate of the over-the-month change in employment that will include the true over-the-month change with 90-percent confidence is calculated:

1,500 +/- 1.645(1,200) = 1,500 +/- 1,974 = [-474, 3,474]

The true value of the over-the-month change is in the interval -474 to 3,474. Because this interval includes 0 (no change), the change of 1,500 shown is not significant at the 90-percent confidence level. Alternatively, the estimated change of 1,500 does not exceed 1,974 (1.645 x 1,200); therefore, one could conclude from these data that the change is not significant at the 90-percent confidence level.

 

Standard errors associated with 1-, 3-, and 12-month changes in employment for NAICS supersectors by state

State	Industry Title	Industry Code	Standard Error 1-Month Change	Standard Error 3-Month Change	Standard Error 12-Month Change
Alabama	Total Nonfarm	00000000	4744	7891	20451
	Total Private	05000000	4166	6777	19158
	Goods Producing	06000000	1937	3123	6255
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	3676	6158	17977
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	195	395	706
	Construction	20000000	1471	2270	4489
	Manufacturing	30000000	1207	2101	4078
	Durable Goods	31000000	977	1700	3446
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	615	1133	2191
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	1692	3026	16202
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	683	1293	2300
	Retail Trade	42000000	1164	2119	3166
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	408	874	15665
	Information	50000000	265	545	1516
	Financial Activities	55000000	998	1608	2904
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	1596	2944	5038
	Education and Health Services	65000000	1067	1868	3812
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	1425	2474	3110
	Other Services	80000000	1288	1906	1992
Alaska	Total Nonfarm	00000000	1566	2970	4616
	Total Private	05000000	1367	2636	3896
	Goods Producing	06000000	728	1370	1897
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	1022	2341	3387
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	126	450	937
	Construction	20000000	412	821	1297
	Manufacturing	30000000	550	949	1018
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	476	951	1519
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	121	238	447
	Retail Trade	42000000	230	389	1072
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	359	821	951
	Information	50000000	41	80	247
	Financial Activities	55000000	213	403	579
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	363	741	1323
	Education and Health Services	65000000	323	544	894
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	508	1333	2426
	Other Services	80000000	178	259	536
Arizona	Total Nonfarm	00000000	6480	10948	19210
	Total Private	05000000	6053	10142	17771
	Goods Producing	06000000	2198	4083	6859
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	5653	9283	16103
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	79	151	455
	Construction	20000000	1925	3554	5740
	Manufacturing	30000000	938	2013	3720
	Durable Goods	31000000	758	1535	3344
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	433	995	1735
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	1936	3146	5771
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	1002	1806	2925
	Retail Trade	42000000	1495	2430	3345
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	635	1328	3409
	Information	50000000	463	858	2342
	Financial Activities	55000000	1164	2289	4350
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	3332	5430	12614
	Education and Health Services	65000000	1430	2211	3218
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	1925	3162	4880
	Other Services	80000000	1391	2493	3945
Arkansas	Total Nonfarm	00000000	3667	6481	10732
	Total Private	05000000	3359	5925	9654
	Goods Producing	06000000	1449	2607	5383
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	2923	4947	8014
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	234	271	435
	Construction	20000000	1067	2086	4748
	Manufacturing	30000000	852	1424	2597
	Durable Goods	31000000	695	1224	2155
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	449	780	1236
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	1548	2607	3432
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	746	1442	2303
	Retail Trade	42000000	877	1357	1666
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	520	1158	1970
	Information	50000000	121	269	481
	Financial Activities	55000000	445	731	1345
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	1359	2468	3650
	Education and Health Services	65000000	915	1613	2436
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	1235	2367	5610
	Other Services	80000000	712	1090	1763
California	Total Nonfarm	00000000	17175	30126	51385
	Total Private	05000000	14669	25656	43583
	Goods Producing	06000000	5834	9725	16432
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	13330	23845	40534
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	287	504	838
	Construction	20000000	4470	7318	11743
	Manufacturing	30000000	3696	6354	11121
	Durable Goods	31000000	2436	4201	8076
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	2692	4996	7578
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	6275	10866	17060
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	3042	5316	9506
	Retail Trade	42000000	4841	8065	12184
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	1989	3926	7162
	Information	50000000	2237	4034	7325
	Financial Activities	55000000	2518	4536	8790
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	6721	11276	22866
	Education and Health Services	65000000	5220	11408	23143
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	4478	7443	10007
	Other Services	80000000	3561	5948	9404
Colorado	Total Nonfarm	00000000	6215	11427	17352
	Total Private	05000000	5793	10700	15833
	Goods Producing	06000000	1882	3522	5410
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	5405	10160	14841
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	329	523	1714
	Construction	20000000	1674	2919	4534
	Manufacturing	30000000	646	1441	2552
	Durable Goods	31000000	526	1256	2195
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	346	657	1237
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	1857	3198	7002
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	975	1643	3424
	Retail Trade	42000000	1403	2299	3414
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	665	1069	4950
	Information	50000000	470	989	4824
	Financial Activities	55000000	975	1746	4148
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	2292	4226	7092
	Education and Health Services	65000000	1127	1968	3246
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	2747	5681	5663
	Other Services	80000000	2053	3408	5092
Connecticut	Total Nonfarm	00000000	4485	7850	11969
	Total Private	05000000	4160	7257	10718
	Goods Producing	06000000	1633	2785	4509
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	3755	6613	10053
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	16	31	63
	Construction	20000000	1196	2330	3855
	Manufacturing	30000000	960	1587	2235
	Durable Goods	31000000	794	1186	1804
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	409	939	1353
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	1792	2972	4164
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	602	1139	1822
	Retail Trade	42000000	1109	1814	2723
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	864	1828	2396
	Information	50000000	253	417	803
	Financial Activities	55000000	851	1452	2971
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	1906	3556	5864
	Education and Health Services	65000000	1190	2427	3866
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	1418	2984	4180
	Other Services	80000000	757	1148	1470
Delaware	Total Nonfarm	00000000	2093	4207	5664
	Total Private	05000000	2004	4064	5309
	Goods Producing	06000000	629	1058	1706
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	1933	3837	4890
	Natural Resources, Mining and Construction	15000000	571	1004	1663
	Manufacturing	30000000	186	333	457
	Durable Goods	31000000	131	237	428
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	106	223	183
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	586	1069	1345
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	250	387	811
	Retail Trade	42000000	462	849	996
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	237	386	451
	Information	50000000	100	211	340
	Financial Activities	55000000	405	724	2301
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	954	1684	2526
	Education and Health Services	65000000	643	1055	1917
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	628	2517	1421
	Other Services	80000000	496	890	1307
District of Columbia	Total Nonfarm	00000000	3109	5671	9735
	Total Private	05000000	2653	4878	8259
	Goods Producing	06000000	393	545	1203
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	2582	4815	8131
	Natural Resources, Mining and Construction	15000000	392	544	1201
	Manufacturing	30000000	25	34	38
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	327	620	1359
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	27	80	227
	Retail Trade	42000000	290	482	972
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	72	220	862
	Information	50000000	185	446	1942
	Financial Activities	55000000	533	930	2338
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	1481	3201	5021
	Education and Health Services	65000000	1185	2509	4739
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	481	1052	1323
	Other Services	80000000	682	1342	2684
Florida	Total Nonfarm	00000000	15024	25999	46992
	Total Private	05000000	14277	24639	44703
	Goods Producing	06000000	5055	9487	15685
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	12997	22247	42506
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	100	207	373
	Construction	20000000	4806	8840	14178
	Manufacturing	30000000	2099	3372	6069
	Durable Goods	31000000	1579	2464	4423
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	1016	2025	3304
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	4490	7517	14169
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	2015	3603	8357
	Retail Trade	42000000	3590	5812	10240
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	1462	2686	5485
	Information	50000000	996	1606	3833
	Financial Activities	55000000	2755	4711	9425
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	7738	13373	33171
	Education and Health Services	65000000	4615	7600	12804
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	4660	8804	12582
	Other Services	80000000	2947	5564	7426
Georgia	Total Nonfarm	00000000	7340	12327	20106
	Total Private	05000000	6499	10732	17052
	Goods Producing	06000000	2169	3722	7342
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	6144	9383	14976
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	157	375	474
	Construction	20000000	1569	2605	4256
	Manufacturing	30000000	1552	2629	6306
	Durable Goods	31000000	825	1455	2537
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	1052	1929	5774
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	2285	3854	6036
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	1071	1705	3106
	Retail Trade	42000000	1774	3095	3671
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	799	1661	3643
	Information	50000000	319	623	1556
	Financial Activities	55000000	1050	2115	4229
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	2700	4684	8448
	Education and Health Services	65000000	1984	3121	6951
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	2372	4197	5862
	Other Services	80000000	3068	2479	3867
Hawaii	Total Nonfarm	00000000	1990	3293	5733
	Total Private	05000000	1711	2746	4710
	Goods Producing	06000000	650	1072	2215
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	1596	2507	4181
	Natural Resources, Mining and Construction	15000000	605	1033	2182
	Manufacturing	30000000	154	256	349
	Durable Goods	31000000	67	96	138
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	136	218	317
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	679	1121	1842
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	232	410	911
	Retail Trade	42000000	502	912	1479
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	331	415	614
	Information	50000000	64	111	285
	Financial Activities	55000000	278	503	910
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	880	1447	2888
	Education and Health Services	65000000	528	838	1394
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	586	902	1451
	Other Services	80000000	415	503	1018
Idaho	Total Nonfarm	00000000	2315	3836	6326
	Total Private	05000000	2095	3406	5472
	Goods Producing	06000000	939	1600	2710
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	1834	2961	4686
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	160	449	1570
	Construction	20000000	719	1300	1870
	Manufacturing	30000000	462	741	1145
	Durable Goods	31000000	283	545	844
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	293	510	657
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	739	1315	1842
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	354	537	818
	Retail Trade	42000000	536	903	1495
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	331	743	809
	Information	50000000	105	132	384
	Financial Activities	55000000	446	821	1563
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	912	1577	3085
	Education and Health Services	65000000	549	851	1207
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	651	1450	1846
	Other Services	80000000	386	519	917
Illinois	Total Nonfarm	00000000	9425	16533	30923
	Total Private	05000000	8486	14843	28175
	Goods Producing	06000000	2843	4813	8237
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	7896	13981	26944
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	426	696	1348
	Construction	20000000	2049	3404	5562
	Manufacturing	30000000	1828	3277	5888
	Durable Goods	31000000	1373	2561	4881
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	1035	2041	3383
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	3394	5620	8731
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	1380	2374	4434
	Retail Trade	42000000	2356	4436	6216
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	1475	2462	3504
	Information	50000000	906	1531	2494
	Financial Activities	55000000	1329	2259	6430
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	4366	7771	21587
	Education and Health Services	65000000	2181	4403	6144
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	2809	5421	9577
	Other Services	80000000	2057	3587	4302
Indiana	Total Nonfarm	00000000	6595	11799	30834
	Total Private	05000000	6140	10992	29887
	Goods Producing	06000000	2997	4962	7993
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	5404	9857	28860
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	233	369	626
	Construction	20000000	2172	3394	4111
	Manufacturing	30000000	1915	3472	6893
	Durable Goods	31000000	1539	2660	6224
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	1127	2094	3102
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	2410	4576	8328
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	852	1302	2024
	Retail Trade	42000000	1723	3202	5665
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	1399	2484	5534
	Information	50000000	369	536	891
	Financial Activities	55000000	1153	1843	24766
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	2939	4574	8476
	Education and Health Services	65000000	1643	3491	4795
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	2133	4249	5207
	Other Services	80000000	1388	2587	4411
Iowa	Total Nonfarm	00000000	3692	6739	9384
	Total Private	05000000	3272	6009	7652
	Goods Producing	06000000	1270	2148	4097
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	2873	5480	6576
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	21	34	140
	Construction	20000000	994	1656	3257
	Manufacturing	30000000	735	1297	2481
	Durable Goods	31000000	579	1035	2005
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	390	776	1491
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	1326	2000	3306
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	721	1196	1486
	Retail Trade	42000000	794	1303	2471
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	567	834	1355
	Information	50000000	306	622	811
	Financial Activities	55000000	490	818	2016
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	1186	1926	3268
	Education and Health Services	65000000	1266	3456	2648
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	1519	2469	2923
	Other Services	80000000	793	1263	1598
Kansas	Total Nonfarm	00000000	3767	6578	11076
	Total Private	05000000	3334	5787	9576
	Goods Producing	06000000	1313	2346	4704
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	3082	5413	8349
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	194	357	540
	Construction	20000000	816	1693	3684
	Manufacturing	30000000	797	1573	2875
	Durable Goods	31000000	651	1168	2076
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	394	869	2068
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	1215	2379	5446
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	506	806	3532
	Retail Trade	42000000	889	1723	4184
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	636	1000	1837
	Information	50000000	621	1218	2146
	Financial Activities	55000000	436	941	1769
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	1369	2070	3271
	Education and Health Services	65000000	963	1813	2542
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	1165	2517	3449
	Other Services	80000000	816	1563	1936
Kentucky	Total Nonfarm	00000000	5666	9108	12959
	Total Private	05000000	5297	8372	11288
	Goods Producing	06000000	1992	3474	5702
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	4639	7640	9565
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	325	712	832
	Construction	20000000	1122	1927	3703
	Manufacturing	30000000	1430	2694	4207
	Durable Goods	31000000	1300	1803	3588
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	658	1428	2211
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	1694	2771	4945
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	647	966	1565
	Retail Trade	42000000	1036	1727	2957
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	951	1735	3514
	Information	50000000	380	832	1415
	Financial Activities	55000000	763	1273	2628
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	2042	3289	4514
	Education and Health Services	65000000	1741	3004	4510
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	2326	3981	3072
	Other Services	80000000	1324	1657	2601
Louisiana	Total Nonfarm	00000000	5694	10170	24849
	Total Private	05000000	5280	9433	23918
	Goods Producing	06000000	3374	5738	20893
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	4082	6826	11785
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	991	1684	4210
	Construction	20000000	2493	3471	20471
	Manufacturing	30000000	1294	2214	3742
	Durable Goods	31000000	974	1798	2937
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	596	1364	2502
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	1899	3043	4331
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	915	1318	2480
	Retail Trade	42000000	1142	1914	2519
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	858	1323	2432
	Information	50000000	333	497	742
	Financial Activities	55000000	886	1455	3938
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	2454	4449	7938
	Education and Health Services	65000000	1106	1849	3169
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	1584	2668	4198
	Other Services	80000000	1047	1625	2902
Maine	Total Nonfarm	00000000	2312	4228	5778
	Total Private	05000000	2127	3903	4981
	Goods Producing	06000000	661	1075	1591
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	2037	3774	4754
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	106	206	269
	Construction	20000000	490	858	1070
	Manufacturing	30000000	287	548	1112
	Durable Goods	31000000	197	380	914
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	235	380	658
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	1056	1762	2091
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	339	560	579
	Retail Trade	42000000	762	1490	1886
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	346	680	724
	Information	50000000	74	141	242
	Financial Activities	55000000	267	441	870
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	848	1301	3020
	Education and Health Services	65000000	717	1409	1606
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	1088	1818	1918
	Other Services	80000000	352	662	938
Maryland	Total Nonfarm	00000000	6452	11230	18364
	Total Private	05000000	5874	10176	16339
	Goods Producing	06000000	1791	3671	4782
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	5476	9675	15715
	Natural Resources, Mining and Construction	15000000	1611	3472	4174
	Manufacturing	30000000	689	1068	2333
	Durable Goods	31000000	408	776	1929
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	499	734	1395
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	2009	3220	5821
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	987	1623	3409
	Retail Trade	42000000	1482	2482	3940
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	663	985	2007
	Information	50000000	647	1330	4099
	Financial Activities	55000000	1126	2133	4431
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	2774	4727	9896
	Education and Health Services	65000000	2218	3677	5656
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	2061	3841	5146
	Other Services	80000000	1313	2263	3653
Massachusetts	Total Nonfarm	00000000	6002	10442	30406
	Total Private	05000000	5444	9422	29348
	Goods Producing	06000000	1784	3128	6994
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	5090	8931	28467
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	19	63	293
	Construction	20000000	1463	2434	3694
	Manufacturing	30000000	1102	1965	5820
	Durable Goods	31000000	612	1294	5341
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	782	1258	2481
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	2175	4150	25692
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	871	2261	25115
	Retail Trade	42000000	1565	2828	4661
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	725	1332	1886
	Information	50000000	700	1300	4034
	Financial Activities	55000000	1141	2311	4142
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	2435	3979	6161
	Education and Health Services	65000000	2285	4052	3966
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	2340	4310	6403
	Other Services	80000000	1186	1978	3170
Michigan	Total Nonfarm	00000000	8256	14367	23488
	Total Private	05000000	7520	13028	20940
	Goods Producing	06000000	3407	6534	11722
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	6430	10975	17578
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	169	311	512
	Construction	20000000	2401	3541	5809
	Manufacturing	30000000	2628	4034	9954
	Durable Goods	31000000	2313	3753	9357
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	952	1852	3349
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	2334	4341	7701
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	1117	2093	2954
	Retail Trade	42000000	1751	2961	3697
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	790	1439	5973
	Information	50000000	353	670	1885
	Financial Activities	55000000	1478	2599	4782
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	3374	5838	10361
	Education and Health Services	65000000	2644	4377	5609
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	2189	3890	5685
	Other Services	80000000	2424	3821	6413
Minnesota	Total Nonfarm	00000000	6347	11350	15894
	Total Private	05000000	5841	10454	13841
	Goods Producing	06000000	2116	4116	7030
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	5319	9082	12066
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	94	265	256
	Construction	20000000	1533	3115	4072
	Manufacturing	30000000	1435	3026	5863
	Durable Goods	31000000	951	1711	3446
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	934	2616	4743
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	2515	5027	6572
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	1143	1780	3044
	Retail Trade	42000000	1719	3481	4809
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	894	2763	2258
	Information	50000000	444	612	1050
	Financial Activities	55000000	697	1252	3209
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	2374	4032	6417
	Education and Health Services	65000000	1968	3302	4359
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	2213	4106	5109
	Other Services	80000000	1692	2938	3420
Mississippi	Total Nonfarm	00000000	3469	5906	9968
	Total Private	05000000	3056	5129	8494
	Goods Producing	06000000	1258	1832	3448
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	2709	4633	7764
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	175	256	592
	Construction	20000000	842	1380	1702
	Manufacturing	30000000	746	1154	3100
	Durable Goods	31000000	556	930	2603
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	404	711	1592
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	1190	1987	3006
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	486	614	1231
	Retail Trade	42000000	684	1414	2260
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities	43000000	484	931	1637
	Information	50000000	172	270	943
	Financial Activities	55000000	590	1071	3214
	Professional and Business Services	60000000	1497	2234	3767
	Education and Health Services	65000000	958	1793	1993
	Leisure and Hospitality	70000000	1010	2098	4368
	Other Services	80000000	561	926	1622
Missouri	Total Nonfarm	00000000	6555	11913	18158
	Total Private	05000000	6051	11035	16333
	Goods Producing	06000000	2264	3562	5629
	Private Service-Providing	08000000	5723	10366	15396
	Natural Resources and Mining	10000000	84	161	301
	Construction	20000000	1815	2631	4567
	Manufacturing	30000000	1048	2383	3413
	Durable Goods	31000000	805	1794	2524
	Non-durable Goods	32000000	685	1510	2048
	Trade, Transportation, and Utilities	40000000	2329	4020	8158
	Wholesale Trade	41000000	972	1597	2116
	Retail Trade	42000000	1925	3535	7500
	Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities