From March 2023 to June 2023, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in Michigan were 226,977, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 204,760, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Jason Palmer noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 22,217 jobs in the private sector during the second quarter of 2023. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 27,139. (See chart 1.)

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the second quarter of 2023, gross job gains represented 5.9 percent of private-sector employment in Michigan; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 6.2 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Michigan, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 184,429 in the second quarter of 2023, an increase of 2,920 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 45,548 jobs gained in the second quarter of 2023, an increase of 9,494 jobs from the previous quarter.

Gross job losses

In the second quarter of 2023, gross job losses represented 5.3 percent of private-sector employment in Michigan; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 5.9 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Michigan, contracting establishments lost 172,998 jobs in the second quarter of 2023, an increase of 24,242 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 31,762 jobs, a decrease of 6,906 jobs from the previous quarter.

Industries

Gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in 7 of the 11 industry sectors in Michigan in the second quarter of 2023. Education and health services had the largest over-the-quarter net job increase, with a gain of 9,480 jobs. This was the result of 30,070 gross job gains and 20,590 gross job losses. The leisure and hospitality industry had a net gain of 7,902 jobs. Transportation and warehousing showed a net loss of 2,616 jobs, the largest loss of any sector in the state.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at the Business Employment Dynamics Home.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Third Quarter 2023 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, April 24, 2024.

Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records.

More information on formal definitions of the data used in this release, along with coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the Business Employment Dynamics Technical Note.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Michigan, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains and losses (3 months ended)					Gross job gains and losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	June 2022	Sept. 2022	Dec. 2022	Mar. 2023	June 2023	June 2022	Sept. 2022	Dec. 2022	Mar. 2023	June 2023
Total private (1)
Gross job gains	226,318	213,654	222,363	214,563	226,977	6.0	5.7	5.9	5.7	5.9
At expanding establishments	181,548	179,967	187,785	181,509	184,429	4.8	4.8	5.0	4.8	4.8
At opening establishments	44,770	33,687	34,578	33,054	42,548	1.2	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.1
Gross job losses	219,884	217,371	195,166	187,424	204,760	5.9	5.8	5.2	4.9	5.3
At contracting establishments	189,470	180,530	163,785	148,756	172,998	5.1	4.8	4.4	3.9	4.5
At closing establishments	30,414	36,841	31,381	38,668	31,762	0.8	1.0	0.8	1.0	0.8
Net employment change (2)	6,434	-3,717	27,197	27,139	22,217	0.1	-0.1	0.7	0.8	0.6
Construction
Gross job gains	17,859	14,971	15,215	18,131	18,457	9.6	8.3	8.4	9.6	9.7
At expanding establishments	14,118	12,461	12,310	14,714	14,760	7.6	6.9	6.8	7.8	7.8
At opening establishments	3,741	2,510	2,905	3,417	3,697	2.0	1.4	1.6	1.8	1.9
Gross job losses	17,399	16,428	16,837	14,170	14,859	9.4	9.1	9.2	7.5	7.8
At contracting establishments	14,501	13,258	13,476	11,113	12,430	7.8	7.3	7.4	5.9	6.5
At closing establishments	2,898	3,170	3,361	3,057	2,429	1.6	1.8	1.8	1.6	1.3
Net employment change (2)	460	-1,457	-1,622	3,961	3,598	0.2	-0.8	-0.8	2.1	1.9
Manufacturing
Gross job gains	20,669	20,204	23,555	20,962	20,619	3.4	3.3	3.8	3.4	3.3
At expanding establishments	18,633	18,398	21,439	18,833	18,710	3.1	3.0	3.5	3.1	3.0
At opening establishments	2,036	1,806	2,116	2,129	1,909	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Gross job losses	21,534	20,862	16,701	17,109	20,446	3.5	3.4	2.7	2.8	3.3
At contracting establishments	20,114	18,439	14,743	14,864	18,521	3.3	3.0	2.4	2.4	3.0
At closing establishments	1,420	2,423	1,958	2,245	1,925	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3
Net employment change (2)	-865	-658	6,854	3,853	173	-0.1	-0.1	1.1	0.6	0.0
Wholesale trade
Gross job gains	7,338	7,608	7,411	6,894	6,865	4.3	4.4	4.3	4.0	3.9
At expanding establishments	6,287	6,714	6,487	5,911	5,910	3.7	3.9	3.8	3.4	3.4
At opening establishments	1,051	894	924	983	955	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.5
Gross job losses	6,691	5,781	5,659	5,631	6,210	4.0	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.6
At contracting establishments	5,571	4,859	4,796	4,625	5,203	3.3	2.8	2.8	2.7	3.0
At closing establishments	1,120	922	863	1,006	1,007	0.7	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6
Net employment change (2)	647	1,827	1,752	1,263	655	0.3	1.1	1.0	0.7	0.3
Retail trade
Gross job gains	24,561	24,797	22,795	25,525	26,184	5.4	5.4	5.0	5.6	5.6
At expanding establishments	21,088	22,330	19,584	22,817	22,772	4.6	4.9	4.3	5.0	4.9
At opening establishments	3,473	2,467	3,211	2,708	3,412	0.8	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.7
Gross job losses	30,179	26,761	25,352	20,262	26,620	6.6	5.9	5.6	4.5	5.7
At contracting establishments	27,407	23,483	22,274	17,098	23,199	6.0	5.2	4.9	3.8	5.0
At closing establishments	2,772	3,278	3,078	3,164	3,421	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
Net employment change (2)	-5,618	-1,964	-2,557	5,263	-436	-1.2	-0.5	-0.6	1.1	-0.1
Transportation and warehousing
Gross job gains	7,106	8,433	11,577	7,471	7,051	4.7	5.5	7.4	4.8	4.6
At expanding establishments	5,776	7,527	10,511	6,415	5,991	3.8	4.9	6.7	4.1	3.9
At opening establishments	1,330	906	1,066	1,056	1,060	0.9	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7
Gross job losses	13,768	6,638	6,507	10,184	9,667	8.9	4.3	4.2	6.5	6.3
At contracting establishments	12,800	5,852	5,581	8,890	8,802	8.3	3.8	3.6	5.7	5.7
At closing establishments	968	786	926	1,294	865	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.8	0.6
Net employment change (2)	-6,662	1,795	5,070	-2,713	-2,616	-4.2	1.2	3.2	-1.7	-1.7
Information
Gross job gains	4,492	4,331	3,115	3,251	3,260	8.0	7.5	5.4	5.6	5.6
At expanding establishments	3,246	3,326	2,263	2,512	2,506	5.8	5.8	3.9	4.3	4.3
At opening establishments	1,246	1,005	852	739	754	2.2	1.7	1.5	1.3	1.3
Gross job losses	3,566	3,446	3,926	3,271	3,914	6.4	6.0	6.8	5.7	6.7
At contracting establishments	2,887	2,426	2,992	2,296	3,027	5.2	4.2	5.2	4.0	5.2
At closing establishments	679	1,020	934	975	887	1.2	1.8	1.6	1.7	1.5
Net employment change (2)	926	885	-811	-20	-654	1.6	1.5	-1.4	-0.1	-1.1
Financial activities
Gross job gains	9,595	10,871	9,462	9,054	9,368	4.5	5.0	4.4	4.3	4.4
At expanding establishments	7,529	8,879	7,651	7,451	7,391	3.5	4.1	3.6	3.5	3.5
At opening establishments	2,066	1,992	1,811	1,603	1,977	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.9
Gross job losses	12,827	10,468	10,306	8,720	9,638	6.0	4.8	4.8	4.1	4.5
At contracting establishments	10,251	8,449	8,784	6,549	7,500	4.8	3.9	4.1	3.1	3.5
At closing establishments	2,576	2,019	1,522	2,171	2,138	1.2	0.9	0.7	1.0	1.0
Net employment change (2)	-3,232	403	-844	334	-270	-1.5	0.2	-0.4	0.2	-0.1
Professional and business services
Gross job gains	46,811	40,510	39,313	35,563	42,205	7.0	6.1	6.0	5.3	6.3
At expanding establishments	37,292	32,906	32,284	29,345	33,298	5.6	5.0	4.9	4.4	5.0
At opening establishments	9,519	7,604	7,029	6,218	8,907	1.4	1.1	1.1	0.9	1.3
Gross job losses	39,435	45,391	39,426	35,803	38,513	5.9	6.8	5.9	5.5	5.8
At contracting establishments	33,508	38,078	33,376	28,175	32,349	5.0	5.7	5.0	4.3	4.9
At closing establishments	5,927	7,313	6,050	7,628	6,164	0.9	1.1	0.9	1.2	0.9
Net employment change (2)	7,376	-4,881	-113	-240	3,692	1.1	-0.7	0.1	-0.2	0.5
Education and health services
Gross job gains	25,839	28,520	29,514	27,445	30,070	4.0	4.4	4.5	4.2	4.5
At expanding establishments	20,635	23,766	24,819	23,318	24,608	3.2	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.7
At opening establishments	5,204	4,754	4,695	4,127	5,462	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.8
Gross job losses	24,024	22,348	20,467	24,976	20,590	3.8	3.5	3.1	3.8	3.1
At contracting establishments	19,105	17,878	16,576	18,316	16,752	3.0	2.8	2.5	2.8	2.5
At closing establishments	4,919	4,470	3,891	6,660	3,838	0.8	0.7	0.6	1.0	0.6
Net employment change (2)	1,815	6,172	9,047	2,469	9,480	0.2	0.9	1.4	0.4	1.4
Leisure and hospitality
Gross job gains	41,825	36,814	40,225	41,579	44,335	10.4	9.1	9.9	10.0	10.4
At expanding establishments	31,668	29,982	33,548	35,621	34,077	7.9	7.4	8.3	8.6	8.0
At opening establishments	10,157	6,832	6,677	5,958	10,258	2.5	1.7	1.6	1.4	2.4
Gross job losses	34,575	42,079	34,222	29,582	36,433	8.6	10.4	8.5	7.1	8.6
At contracting establishments	30,079	34,482	28,641	23,182	30,596	7.5	8.5	7.1	5.6	7.2
At closing establishments	4,496	7,597	5,581	6,400	5,837	1.1	1.9	1.4	1.5	1.4
Net employment change (2)	7,250	-5,265	6,003	11,997	7,902	1.8	-1.3	1.4	2.9	1.8
Other services (3)
Gross job gains	10,934	8,765	9,344	9,753	10,206	8.9	6.9	7.5	7.6	7.9
At expanding establishments	8,357	7,327	7,624	7,530	8,065	6.8	5.8	6.1	5.9	6.2
At opening establishments	2,577	1,438	1,720	2,223	2,141	2.1	1.1	1.4	1.7	1.7
Gross job losses	7,740	8,905	8,733	7,979	8,137	6.3	7.1	6.9	6.3	6.3
At contracting establishments	6,181	6,933	6,946	5,849	6,597	5.0	5.5	5.5	4.6	5.1
At closing establishments	1,559	1,972	1,787	2,130	1,540	1.3	1.6	1.4	1.7	1.2
Net employment change (2)	3,194	-140	611	1,774	2,069	2.6	-0.2	0.6	1.3	1.6
Footnotes: (1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately. (2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information. (3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private-sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended)					Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	June 2022	Sept. 2022	Dec. 2022	Mar. 2023	June 2023	June 2022	Sept. 2022	Dec. 2022	Mar. 2023	June 2023
United States(1)	6.6	6.9	6.3	6.2	6.2	6.2	5.9	5.9	5.4	5.9
Alabama	6.6	6.9	6.6	6.4	5.9	6.2	5.9	6.1	5.5	5.7
Alaska	10.2	8.5	10.9	10.4	11.0	9.0	10.4	9.2	8.0	8.9
Arizona	6.5	7.1	6.6	5.9	7.0	6.3	5.5	6.0	5.4	6.5
Arkansas	6.1	6.5	6.2	5.8	5.8	5.5	5.2	5.2	5.0	6.0
California	6.8	6.8	6.6	6.1	6.7	6.7	6.2	6.6	6.4	6.4
Colorado	7.3	7.0	7.6	7.2	7.3	6.6	7.1	6.9	6.5	6.6
Connecticut	6.4	6.3	5.9	6.1	6.4	6.3	6.2	5.9	5.3	5.7
Delaware	6.5	8.6	7.0	6.7	6.0	6.9	6.2	7.5	5.2	5.7
District of Columbia	6.1	7.2	5.6	5.9	5.4	6.3	5.0	5.5	4.8	5.3
Florida	7.5	7.8	6.2	6.3	6.8	6.3	5.6	6.0	5.6	5.8
Georgia	6.8	7.1	6.7	6.2	6.4	6.2	5.9	5.9	5.8	6.5
Hawaii	6.0	6.4	6.0	5.5	5.7	5.5	4.9	4.9	5.0	5.2
Idaho	7.1	7.8	8.4	7.9	7.9	8.4	7.5	6.9	7.5	7.5
Illinois	5.9	5.8	5.4	5.8	5.4	5.5	5.3	5.1	4.8	5.3
Indiana	5.7	6.4	5.7	5.5	5.5	5.9	5.5	5.2	5.0	6.1
Iowa	5.9	5.9	6.4	6.0	6.0	6.2	5.9	6.2	5.4	5.9
Kansas	6.5	7.4	6.3	6.1	6.1	7.1	5.5	5.6	5.4	6.0
Kentucky	6.3	6.6	6.0	6.1	5.6	6.5	5.4	5.3	4.9	5.9
Louisiana	6.7	6.9	6.1	6.3	6.1	6.4	5.7	6.2	5.6	6.4
Maine	7.2	7.6	7.4	7.7	7.6	8.0	7.3	6.8	6.2	7.6
Maryland	6.5	7.4	6.6	6.8	6.7	6.9	6.0	6.9	5.6	6.3
Massachusetts	6.1	6.2	5.5	5.8	5.9	5.5	6.1	5.8	4.7	5.7
Michigan	6.0	5.7	5.9	5.7	5.9	5.9	5.8	5.2	4.9	5.3
Minnesota	6.4	6.5	5.9	5.7	6.0	6.4	5.9	5.8	4.9	5.6
Mississippi	6.6	7.2	6.8	6.1	6.3	6.7	6.3	6.2	5.7	6.6
Missouri	6.2	6.8	6.1	6.5	5.9	5.9	6.3	5.8	5.1	5.9
Montana	8.2	8.7	9.2	8.7	7.8	9.1	7.8	7.8	7.1	8.4
Nebraska	6.4	7.1	6.0	6.3	6.0	6.5	6.1	5.7	5.1	5.6
Nevada	6.9	7.4	6.4	6.2	6.6	5.7	5.8	6.1	5.7	6.0
New Hampshire	6.7	6.9	6.7	7.0	6.7	6.7	6.7	6.0	5.9	6.3
New Jersey	6.6	6.8	6.8	6.1	6.8	6.2	6.4	5.9	5.7	5.9
New Mexico	6.7	8.0	6.7	6.8	6.4	7.1	5.9	6.2	5.9	6.2
New York	7.1	6.6	5.9	6.5	6.3	6.1	5.9	6.0	5.1	5.7
North Carolina	6.4	6.7	6.6	6.4	6.1	6.1	5.8	5.7	5.3	5.7
North Dakota	6.9	7.6	6.4	7.6	6.9	6.5	6.3	6.7	5.6	6.7
Ohio	5.9	5.8	5.9	5.8	5.6	5.9	5.5	5.7	4.9	5.7
Oklahoma	6.7	7.4	6.6	6.3	6.2	6.1	5.6	5.9	5.3	6.0
Oregon	6.0	6.7	6.5	7.3	6.4	7.0	6.0	6.2	6.1	6.9
Pennsylvania	5.5	6.1	5.5	5.5	5.2	5.6	5.1	5.2	4.6	5.5
Rhode Island	7.1	6.7	6.9	7.5	6.7	6.7	7.3	6.4	5.9	7.0
South Carolina	6.6	7.3	6.9	6.8	6.4	6.2	5.6	6.2	5.8	6.8
South Dakota	6.6	7.3	6.5	7.2	6.8	6.5	6.4	6.5	5.9	6.2
Tennessee	6.2	7.0	5.8	5.9	5.9	6.2	5.5	5.6	5.0	5.5
Texas	6.6	7.2	6.2	5.9	5.8	5.8	5.3	5.3	5.0	5.4
Utah	7.0	7.5	6.9	7.0	6.8	6.6	6.8	6.6	6.2	6.2
Vermont	7.5	7.2	7.8	8.2	7.4	7.6	7.8	7.0	6.0	7.5
Virginia	6.5	7.5	6.2	6.2	6.0	6.7	6.1	5.8	5.2	5.8
Washington	7.0	7.2	5.9	6.4	6.0	7.2	6.3	5.3	5.5	5.6
West Virginia	6.7	8.1	6.6	7.1	6.1	8.0	6.9	6.4	5.3	6.1
Wisconsin	6.0	6.0	6.0	6.0	5.6	6.0	5.8	5.5	4.9	5.9
Wyoming	8.4	9.2	9.2	8.9	8.4	9.2	8.4	7.9	7.8	8.7
Puerto Rico	6.7	6.2	6.6	5.1	5.8	6.1	5.3	6.1	5.7	4.9
Virgin Islands	8.0	8.5	5.9	7.5	7.4	9.2	5.5	4.7	6.5	6.8
Footnotes (1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands. The sum of the states will not necessarily add to the U.S. total because of the independent seasonal adjustment of each state.